An antique 19th-century Russian Orthodox icon of the Vladimir Mother of God. Mixed media painting: egg tempera, gesso, and levkas on a wood board. Silver riza or oklad with repousse decor, engravings, and gemstones. Hallmark of 84 silver standard and makers marks are on the bottom of the riza. The backside of the icon is covered with velvet. The Vladimirskaya icon is a 12th-century Byzantine icon, an
